Pentium 4 types, intro

Pentium 4
List of Intel Pentium 4 microprocessors

Produced:	From 2000 to 2008
Max CPU clock:	1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz
FSB speeds:	400 MT/s to 1066 MT/s
Min feature size:	0.18 µm to 0.065 µm
Instruction set:	x86 (i386), x86-64, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3
Microarchitecture:	NetBurst
Sockets: Socket 423 Socket 478 LGA 775
Core names: Willamette Northwood Prescott Cedar Mill

The Pentium 4 brand refers to Intel's line of single-core mainstream desktop and laptop central processing units (CPUs) introduced on November 20, 2000^[1] (August 8, 2008 is the date of last shipments of Pentium 4s^[2]). They had the 7th-generation architecture, called NetBurst, which was the company's first all-new design since 1995, when the Intel P6 architecture of the Pentium Pro CPUs had been introduced. NetBurst differed from the preceding Intel P6 - of Pentium III, II, etc. - by featuring a very deep instruction pipeline to achieve very high clock speeds^[3] (up to 4 GHz) limited only by max. power consumption (TDP) reaching up to 115 W in 3.6–3.8 GHz Prescotts and Prescotts 2M^[4] (a high TDP requires an additional cooling that can be noisy or expensive). In 2004, the initial 32-bit x86 instruction set of the Pentium 4 microprocessors was extended by the 64-bit x86-64 set.
Pentium 4 CPUs introduced the SSE2 and SSE3 instruction sets to accelerate calculations, transactions, media processing, 3D graphics, and games. They also integrated Hyper-threading (HT), a feature to make one physical CPU work as two logical and virtual CPUs. The Intel's flagship Pentium 4 also came in a low-end version branded Celeron (often referred to as Celeron 4), and a high-end derivative, Xeon, intended for multiprocessor servers and workstations. In 2005, the Pentium 4 was superseded by the Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition dual-core CPUs.

Pentium D
List of Intel Pentium D microprocessors

Produced:	From 2005 to 2008[1]

Max CPU clock:	2.66 GHz to 3.73 GHz
FSB speeds:	533 MT/s to 1066 MT/s
Min feature size:	0.09 µm to 0.065 µm
Instruction set:	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, x86-64
Microarchitecture:	NetBurst
Cores:	2 (2x1)
Socket:	LGA 775
Core name:	Smithfield, Presler

FireNes

2000 juegos de Nintendo

Firefox Erweiterungen-Addons- Turbo

Los mejores 25 agregados para Mozilla Firefox 3

Firefox-Turbo

Schneller surfen

Um das Surfen mit dem Browser zu beschleunigen, benutzt Firefox das Pipelining. Das bedeutet: Mehrere Bestandteile einer Web-Seite werden gleichzeitig angefordert, zum Beispiel sämtliche Bilder. Auf eine Antwort des Servers wird dabei nicht einzeln gewartet.
Tippen Sie in der Adressleiste about:config

Folgende Werte sollten Sie in Ihrem Firefox einstellen:
* network.http.pipelining.maxrequests – 30
* network.http.pipelining – true
* network.http.proxy.pipelining – true

Zusätzlich können Sie die Reaktionszeit des Browsers verkürzen. Klicken Sie dazu mit der rechten Maustaste in das about:config-Fenster und wählen Sie Neu/Integer. Geben Sie anschließend folgende Zeichenkette ein und setzen Sie den Wert auf 0:
* nglayout.initialpaint.delay - 0

Einfacher finden: Setzen Sie sich einen Filter, zum Beispiel auf network.http.
Einfacher finden: Setzen Sie sich einen Filter, zum Beispiel auf network.http.
HTTP-Einstellungen
Mit HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) werden die Daten zwischen Browser und Webserver verschickt. Diese Einstellungen sollten vorsichtig gewählt werden, sonst kann es zu Problemen kommen: Geben Sie zu falsche Werte ein, können Verbindungsabbrüche oder Datenstau die Folge sein. Die hier gemachten Vorschläge sind für Rechner geeignet, die über eine DSL-Verbindung verfügen.
Folgende Werte sollten Sie in Ihrem Firefox einstellen:

* network.http.max-connections – 48
* network.http.max-connections-per-server – 24
* network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-proxy – 12
* network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-server – 8

Fasterfox & Themes: Schnell und schick
Wenn Sie sich nicht mit "about:config" herumschlagen wollen, können Sie ein kleines Tool nutzen, welches Ihnen das Tuning dank einer grafische Oberfläche erleichtert.
Die Erweiterung Fasterfox nimmt Ihnen viele Einstellungen der about:config ab.
Mit einem Trick läuft die Extension auch mit dem neuen Firefox.
Laden Sie die Erweiterung zunächst auf Ihre Festplatte und hängen Sie via Umbenennen ein ".zip" an die Endung xpi an. Öffnen Sie die Datei anschließend mit einem Archivierungstool; etwa WinRAR. Entpacken Sie dann die Datei install.rdf auf Ihren Desktop und öffnen Sie sie mit einem Editor wie Notepad. Ändern Sie die Versionsnummer der Extension (oben in der Datei) von 2.0.0 auf 3.0.0. Im unteren Teil der Datei ändern Sie den Eintrag maxVersion von 2.0.0.* auf 3.0.0.*. Speichern Sie die Änderungen und ziehen Sie die Datei zurück ins Archivierungstool. Löschen Sie zum Schluss die Endung ".zip" und öffnen Sie die bearbeitete xpi-Datei mit Firefox.

Download: Fasterfox 2.0.0

Datenrettung

Wiederherstellungspunkt mit Script

Datenrettung-SW

20 beliebtesten Recovery-Tools

Legal oder ilegal in Deutschland

Las herramientas prohibidas, acorde a nuevas leyes alemanas

Windows XP commands

Accesibilidad, controles
access.cpl

Actualizaciones automáticas
wuaucpl.cpl

Administración de equipos
compmgmt.msc

Administración del dispositivo
devmgmt.msc

Administrador de tareas
taskmgr

Administrativas, Herramientas
control admintools

Ampliador de Windows (lupa)
magnify

Añadir hardware, asistente
hdwwiz.cpl

Añadir/desinstalar programas
appwiz.cpl

Apagar Windows
shutdown

Audio y Sonido
mmsys.cpl

Audio, abrir el AC3 Filter (Si está instalado. Es una especie de ecualizador de audio)
ac3filter.cpl

Bloc de notas
notepad

Bluetooth (Asistente de transferencia)
fsquirt

Búsqueda rápida
findfast.cpl

Caracteres privados, editor
eudcedit

Calculadora
calc

Carpeta, opciones
control folders

Certificados (gestión)
certmgr.msc

Caracteres (Mapa)
charmap

Carpetas compartidas
fsmgmt.msc

Check Disk Utility (Comprobación del Disco Duro)
chkdsk

Clipboard Viewer (Para visualizar el portapapeles)
clipbrd

Command Prompt (Pantalla de comandos, como el antiguo MsDos)
cmd

Componentes, servicios

dcomcnfg
Comprobación de la firma del archivo

sigverif
Controladores (drivers), administrador del comprobador de...
verifier

Fecha y hora, propiedades
timedate.cpl

Recursos compartidos DDE
ddeshare

Direct X, diagnóstico de problemas
dxdiag

DirectX, panel de control (Si está instalado)
directx.cpl

Disco, administración
diskmgmt.msc

Disco, administrador de particiones
diskpart

Disco, desfragmentador
dfrg.msc

Disco, liberador de espacio
cleanmgr

Dr. Watson (utilidad de diagnóstico del sistema)
drwtsn32

Energía, opciones y configuración
powercfg.cpl

Escáneres y Cámaras
sticpl.cpl

Escritorio remoto
mstsc

Fuentes
control fonts

Fuentes, carpeta dónde están instaladas las...
fonts

Group Policy Editor (sólo en XP profesional)
gpedit.msc

Iexpress Wizard
iexpress

Impresoras, carpetas
printers

Impresoras y Faxes
control printers

Index Server, servicio
ciadv.msc

Internet, propiedades
inetcpl.cpl

IP Configuración (Muestra la configuración de las conexiones)
ipconfig /all

IP Configuración (Muestra la caché de resolución de DNS - recomendable mirar
todo lo que hay)
ipconfig /displaydns

IP Configuración (Borra las DNS Cache Contents)
ipconfig /flushdns

IP Configuración (Lanza todas las conexiones)
ipconfig /release

IP Configuración (Renueva todas las conexiones)
ipconfig /renew

IP Configuración (Refresca DHCP & Re-Registra DNS)
ipconfig /registerdns

IP Configuración (Muestra DHCP Class ID)
ipconfig /showclassid

IP Configuración (Modifica DHCP Class ID)
ipconfig /setclassid

Java, Panel de control (Si está instalado)
jpicpl32.cpl (también: javaws)

Juego: buscaminas
winmine

Juego: carta blanca
freecell

Juego: corazones
mshearts

Juego: solitario
sol

Juego: spider
spider

Juegos, controladores
joy.cpl

Medios de almacenamiento extraíbles
ntmsmgr.msc

Medios de almacenamiento extraíbles, solicitudes del operador
ntmsoprq.msc

Microsoft Chat
winchat

Ratón, propiedades
control mouse (también: main.cpl)

Red, conexiones
control netconnections (también: ncpa.cpl)

Red, asistente de configuración
netsetup.cpl

Nview Desktop Manager (Si está instalado. Son unos controladores de nVidia)
nvtuicpl.cpl

Objectos, empaquetador
packager

ODBC Data Source Administrator
odbccp32.cpl

Teclado en pantalla (útil si se te estropea el teclado)
osk

Pantalla, propiedades
control desktop (también: desk.cpl)
Si se quiere que aparezca la pestaña de control de colores: control color

Password, propiedades
password.cpl

Quicktime (Si está instalado)
QuickTime.cpl

Regional, configuración
intl.cpl

Registro, editor
regedit (también: regedit32)

Rendimiento del sistema, monitor
perfmon.msc (también: perfmon)

Resultant Set of Policy (XP Profesional)
rsop.msc

Salir de Windows (para cambiar de usuario)
logoff

Security Center
wscui.cpl

Seguridad, configuración local
secpol.msc

Servicios
services.msc

Sistema, editor de configuración
sysedit

Sistema, propiedades
sysdm.cpl

Sistema, utilidad de configuración
msconfig

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Escanea inmediatamente)
sfc /scannow

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Escanea una vez en el siguiente encendido)
sfc /scanonce

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Escanea en cada encendido)
sfc /scanboot

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Vuelve a la configuración por defecto)
sfc /revert

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Purga el archivo caché)
sfc /purgecache

Sistema, utilidad de comprobación de archivos (Configura el archivo caché a la talla x)
sfc /cachesize=x

SQL, configuración
cliconfg

Sucesos, visor
eventvwr.msc

Tareas, lista (XP profesional)
tasklist

Tareas, terminar (XP profesional)
taskkill /PID

Tareas programadas
control schedtasks

Teclado, propiedades
control keyboard

Teléfono y Modem, opciones
telephon.cpl

Telnet, cliente
telnet

Usuario, administrador de cuenta
nusrmgr.cpl

Usuarios, administrador de cuentas
control userpasswords2

Usuarios, cuentas
control userpasswords

Usuarios locales y grupos
lusrmgr.msc

Utilidades, administrador
utilman

Windows Firewall
firewall.cpl

Windows Management Infrastructure
wmimgmt.msc

Windows System Security Tool
syskey

Windows Update
wupdmgr

Windows XP, paseo por
tourstart

Wordpad
write

Fuente:
superpatanegra.com - tutorialesapocrifos.blogspot.com

Software cotidiano

Software para descargar e instalar el mismo día

tits

BINARY PORN

INTERNET (otra definición)

No te hace estúpido,
tan sólo hace tu estupidez
más accesible a otros!

Installing Vista

The best way to install Vista in 2 minutes

Computer terms

KernelGlossary

Introduction To Kernel

Overview of Kernel

Free On-Line Dictionary Of Computing

Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems

Memory Management Glossary

Jargon File or here

Glossaries of computer terms

KernelGlossary

Introduction To Kernel

Overview of Kernel

Free On-Line Dictionary Of Computing

Dictionary of Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems

Memory Management Glossary

Jargon File or here

Portable applications

Port Apps List
Computer per Skript steuern: Autoit

FW

Last FW version

Portable FW

Memory probs

Memory Access vs. CPU speed

How fast your memory can catch up with your CPU's speed in this GHz era?

Figure: Memory Access Speed Marks: Speed measured in MegaHertz (MHz). Hz=1/Second.

Bus is the data path in a computer. Nowadays, all the CPUs are measured in Gigahertz (GHz). Memories just can races to MHz. How do they work together?

CPU

CPU is the place where all the actual computing is done. The higher speed performs faster result in computing. However the rest of components (so far) can't catch up the speed with CPU due to the technology limitation. Chipset is actually governing how information travels between CPU and the other components. On above graphic, we example CPU clock is 133MHz to communicate with other components, but the CPU core speed is actually 2.65GHz (133MHz x 20 Core/Bus Ratio. Different CPU models have different
core/Bus ratio range, some are from 4 to 20, and some are from 2 to 15.

Front Side Bus

Chipset contains several "controllers" to govern different information. The controller which establishes the information flow between memory and CPU is North Bridge. Data speed between CPU and North Bridge use the CPU clock and be called Front Side Bus (FSB). FSB should equal to CPU clock, but nowadays we read/hear about 400MHz/533 FSB those are actually the efficiency by dual channels and double data rate. For example, the FSB is 133(MHz) x2 (dual channels) x (double data rate) = 533 MHz (virtual working efficiency).

Memory Speed and data speed

Memory speed also measured in memory clock. DDR (Double Data Rate) will twice the data transaction. Nowadays most of bus wide are 64 bits base that means the bus can path 8 Bytes data (64 bits/8 = 8 Bytes). How to calculate data the memory can carry through in one second? Taking an example of DDR 333 (which is actually 166MHz x 2) to multiply 8 Bytes (64bits' Bus) will get 2656MB/sec.

Memory performance comparing with FSB

If we calculate the data traveling speed between North Bridge and CPU, we have to use the efficiency of FBS to multiply bus wide's data. For example, the 133MHz CPU Clock (FSB is also 133MHz) which virtual working efficiency FSB between CPU and North Bridge is 533MHz (133MHz x 2 x2) multiplies 8 Bytes (64 Bits' bus) we will get 4264MB/sec. Comparing the data speed of DDR333 can carry through is still far behind the 533MHz FSB can take. So, there always has room to improve the speed of memory.

QoS of the ISP

Test the Quality of Service of your Internet Service Provider
All broadband speed test
Flash plugin based speed test
Line quality test
Tweaking the TCP stack (java tweak tool; tweaktester, receive window)

Free networking tools:
PRTG traffic grapher 6

PRTG Traffic Grapher is an easy to use Windows software for monitoring and classifying bandwidth usage. It provides system administrators with live readings and long-term usage trends for their network devices. The most common usage is bandwidth management, but you can also monitor many other aspects of your network like memory and CPU utilizations.
Local IP lister
Local IP Lister shows the list of IP addresses that are configured on your PC and that can be used for the internal webservers of
PRTG Traffic Grapher and
IPCheck Server Monitor.
The small tool doesn't need any installation, just download and execute...

End-of-line characters

DOS and UNIX end-of-line characters

The UNIX end-of-line character is a line feed/newline character (\n). The DOS/Windows end-of-line character is a carriage return, followed by a line feed/newline (\r\n).
Most editors can automatically convert these to the appropriate format, but others, such as Notepad in Windows, cannot.

To convert a UNIX file to DOS using sed (GNU sed 3.02.80 or later):
$ sed 's/$/\r/' UNIX_file > DOS_file

To convert a DOS file to UNIX file, use tr to remove the carriage return:
$ tr -d '\r' < DOS_file > UNIX_file

To accomplish the same thing using sed:
$ sed 's/^M//' DOS_file > UNIX_file

Note: To generate the ^M above, press Ctrl-V, then Ctrl-M.

FTP's ASCII transfer mode will automatically do the end-of-line conversion between DOS and UNIX systems.
Also, the commands dos2unix and unix2dos may be used to perform the conversion, if present on your system.

More information:
Newline (Wikipedia)

Back to brandonhutchinson.com

32 or 64 bit Processor? Dual Core?

Understanding /proc/cpuinfo
Example:

$ uname -r
2.6.18-8.el5

How many physical processors are there?

$ grep 'physical id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort | uniq | wc -l
2

How many virtual processors are there?

$ grep ^processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l
4

Are the processors dual-core (or multi-core)?

$ grep 'cpu cores' /proc/cpuinfo
cpu cores : 2
cpu cores : 2
cpu cores : 2
cpu cores : 2
"2" indicates the two physical processors are dual-core, resulting in 4 virtual processors.
If "1" was returned, the two physical processors are single-core. If
the processors are single-core, and the number of virtual processors is
greater than the number of physical processors, the CPUs are using
hyper-threading. Hyper-threading is supported if ht is present in the CPU flags and you are using an SMP kernel.

Are the processors 64-bit?

A 64-bit processor will have lm ("long mode") in the flags section of cpuinfo. A 32-bit processor will not.
e.g.,
flags
: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36
clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt lm 3dnowext 3dnow pni cx16 lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm cr8legacy ts fid vid ttp tm stc

What do the CPU flags mean?

The CPU flags are briefly described in the kernel header file cpufeature.h.
Back to brandonhutchinson.com.

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Application Paths
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File Associations
Active X Controls
Add/Remove Programs
Help Files
Font Files
Toolbars
Shared DLL Files
Invalid Shortcuts
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