KeyTweak

Source
Keytweak is a free keyboard remapper for Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista/Win 7. It makes use of Microsoft's Scancode Map registry key to remap your keyboard.
Download

Virtualization in Action

Stories of real businesses
(from www.linux-mag.com)

Improving Disk Performance

How to get the most out of your hard disks

by Roderick W. Smith Tuesday, November 15th, 2005
...
...
Filesystem Choice

Beyond adjusting the way the kernel talks to your hard disks, you can choose which filesystem or filesystems your system uses. Unfortunately, picking a filesystem for optimal performance isn’t an easy task. Too many variables exist that affect performance, such as disk throughput, disk head seek speeds, overall system load, how full the filesystem is, and whether you’re accessing large or small files. A few generalizations can be drawn, though:

*Journaling filesystems are preferable. Journaling filesystems (ext3fs, ReiserFS, JFS, and XFS) maintain a journal, or log of pending changes. Maintaining the journal slightly degrades performance, but greatly speeds recovery after a power failure or other uncontrolled shutdown. Most journaling filesystems include more advanced features than do non-journaling filesystems (such as ext2fs), which partly or completely counteracts the extra effort the journal requires to maintain. Overall, a journaling filesystem is a big improvement, particularly if you want to minimize boot times after a problem shutdown. An exception is small filesystems (such as /boot, if it’s on a separate partition), on which the journal consumes too high a percentage of disk space to be worth its while.

*Small files work best with ReiserFS. If a partition holds many small files, look into ReiserFS. Although it might or might not perform any better than other filesystems, ReiserFS is more efficient at packing small files onto the disk. The result is that you can fit more small files on a disk.

*ext2fs and ext3fs are dependable on all platforms. Fortunately, all the major Linux filesystems (ext2fs, ext3fs, ReiserFS, XFS, and JFS) are reliable on x86 systems. On other platforms, one or more of these may be sluggish or unreliable. If in doubt, stick with ext2fs or ext3fs; these are the most likely to be speedy and reliable.

If getting the absolute best speed out of your filesystem is important, you may need to perform some tests, ideally using the hard disk and applications you intend to use. For a typical single-computer desktop or even small server installation, such tests are likely to consume so much time that they aren’t worthwhile. If you’re deploying hundreds of identical desktop systems, though, it might be worth running a few tests to see how different filesystems cope with the sorts of tasks your systems will be performing.

Filesystem Layout
In addition to filesystem choice, filesystem layout can affect performance. Two factors are important to consider when designing a filesystem layout:
*Seek times. When Linux accesses data from different partitions on a single disk, the disk head must move (or seek) from one area of the disk to another. This action takes time, so if your disk layout is such that data from the start and end of the disk must be frequently accessed, performance will be degraded compared to a layout in which frequently accessed data lie close together.
*Disk throughput. As noted earlier, disk throughput varies from one part of a disk to another. As a general rule, earlier parts of the disk (partitions in low-numbered cylinders) perform better than do latter parts of the disk. Thus, putting frequently accessed data at the start of the disk generally makes sense.
Typically, the best performance can be achieved by placing the most-used partitions, such as partitions for /usr, /home, and swap space, in the middle of the disk. Partitions that are seldom accessed, such as /boot or a partition holding an emergency Linux installation, are best placed in the peripheral regions of the disk.
Figure One illustrates a good single-disk configuration. The assumption is that most accesses involve /usr, /home,, or swap space, with progressively less frequent accesses for partitions further from these. Such a layout will minimize disk seek times and therefore maximize performance. Of course, different systems might have different access patterns, so Figure One might be an excellent configuration for one system but poor for another.
Figure One: An optimized disk configuration places frequently accessed data near the center of the disk

In multi-disk systems, try to spread your access across disks. For instance, in a multi-boot configuration, don’t devote one disk entirely to Linux and the other disk entirely to the other OS. Splitting both OSs across both disks will improve performance for both OSs.

In a Linux-only configuration with multiple disks, put both commonly used and rarely used partitions on both disks. If /usr is on one disk and /home is on another, then a pattern of use that entails accessing files in both directories will require no head seeks to move between those two partitions (although of course there may be head seeks within each partition).

Advanced configurations take advantage of Linux’s support for Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID). This technology enables you to split a single virtual partition across two or more physical disks. This can be done to improve data security (in case one disk fails, a copy will exist on another disk), to improve performance (by spreading access across multiple disks), or both. Although RAID configuration is too complex to cover in this column, it’s well worth investigating if you need to get the most out of your disks.
Roderick W. Smith is the author or co-author of over a dozen books, including Linux in a Windows World and Linux Power Tools. He can be reached at
class="emailaddress">rodsmith@rodsbooks.com.
Roderick W. Smith is the author or coauthor of more than a dozen books, including Linux in a Windows World and Linux Power Tools. He can be reached at rodsmith@rodsbooks.com.

Oracle and the richness

Larry Ellison (64), USA. Oracle-Gründer. Vermögen: 22,5 Milliarden Dollar.

The best USB memory Stick

Finne ersetzt verlorenen Finger mit USB-Stick

Foto: dpa

Helsinki (dpa) - Der finnische Computerexperte Jerry Javala hat den Verlust seines linken Ringfingers bei einem Motorradunfall konsequent für berufliche Zwecke genutzt. Wie Javala im Internet mitteilte (www.protoblogr.net), ist auf seiner Hand jetzt eine Prothese mit eingebautem USB-Memorystick montiert: «Ich stecke meinen Finger einfach in den Slot eines Rechners und zieh den Rest raus, wenn Bedarf ist. Anschließend kommt der Finger wieder auf die Hand.»Javala war im Mai letzten Jahres auf seinem eine Woche zuvor neu gekauften Motorrad mit Rotwild zusammengestoßen. Erst als er anschließend fluchend aufgestanden sei und sich eine Zigarette anzünden wollte, habe er bemerkt, dass die obere Hälfte seines linken Ringfingers fehlte. Er habe sich dann gegen einen «normalen mechanischen Fingerersatz» entschieden, berichtete Javala in der Zeitung «Iltalehti». Als Chirurgen Vorschläge für eine Prothese machten, erschien es ihm am nützlichsten, immer ein paar von selbst entworfene Computerprogramme sowie das Betriebssystem Linuxs seines Landsmannes Linus Thorvalds bei der Hand zu haben.

How Microprocessors Work

howstuffworks.com

The computer you are using to read this page uses a microprocessor to do its work. The microprocessor is the heart of any normal computer, whether it is a desktop machine, a server or a laptop. The microprocessor you are using might be a Pentium, a K6, a PowerPC, a Sparc or any of the many other brands and types of microprocessors, but they all do approximately the same thing in approximately the same way.
A microprocessor -- also known as a CPU or central processing unit -- is a complete computation engine that is fabricated on a single chip. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The 4004 was not very powerful -- all it could do was add and subtract, and it could only do that 4 bits at a time. But it was amazing that everything was on one chip. Prior to the 4004, engineers built computers either from collections of chips or from discrete components (transistors wired one at a time). The 4004 powered one of the first portable electronic calculators.

The Future is Fusion

AMD campaign

AMD were the first company to demonstrate the Dual core processor and the native quad core processor, and were also the first break the 1GHz barrier. The latest direction in AMD’s fight for market position, and a share of the microprocessor spend, is Fusion. AMD have decided to tackle the market in a different way. They hope to leverage their position as an innovator and as a leader in the video card market, using technology they obtained in buying leading video processor maker ATI a few years back, and combine this with their industry partners’ expertise, to come up with new innovative ways of collaborating and creating solutions that will give them an edge in the market.

Moore's law 40th Anniversary

Source

Moore’s Law Original Graph

In 1965, Gordon Moore sketched out his prediction of the pace of silicon technology. Decades later, Moore’s Law remains true, driven largely by Intel’s unparalleled silicon expertise.
(225KB JPG)

Moore’s Law Poster Microprocessor Chart

Moore’s Law Poster Microprocessor Chart
(616KB JPG |

Microprocessors

Microprocessor's evolution (1971-1996)
The first stand-alone microprocessor is developed nearly one decade after fabrication of the first integrated circuit. It has a processing speed of 740 kHz, contains 2300 transistors, and marks the beginning of commercial computing chips.

The function of the computer
A personal Cybermuseum

Cyrix Integrated Circuits -6x86 Microprocessor Die (Polysilicon Layer) The digital image presented below reveals surface detail present on a complete Cyrix 6x86 microprocessor die at the polysilicon stage of fabrication. Bus lines, registers, and memory caches were highlighted using tungsten light filtered with red, green, blue, and yellow gels in oblique illumination.
Designed as a sixth-generation microprocessor to complete with Intel's Pentium line-up, the Cyrix 6x86 offered a number of advanced features compared to other processors of the time period. The chip contained a 3x bus-to-core clock multiplier that enabled instructions to be shuttled back and forth at accelerated rates, and a 16 kilobyte write-back level-one cache onboard the chip. Instruction sets were fully compatible with x86 operating systems and software, including Windows 95 and NT, and was also designed to work with competing OS/2, DOS, Solaris, and UNIX.

---

Back to CYRIX Integrated Circuit

Tiny 2003 & micro XP

Download

The following hotfixes are integrated:
Service Pack 1 (build 1830)
All 50 Critical and Recommended Hotfixes
(Windows Updates) up to 16.10.2006

Get the latest here:
thepiratebay.org/..../Micro-X_(MicroXP_and_Micro2003)
MicroXP_v0.82_For.External.USB.DRIVE

On first boot:

RAM Memory Useage = 45mb
Files = 2,857
Folders = 37
Running processes = 13
Running Services = 13
Ever feel that Windows XP is not fast enough, especially for ultimate gaming experience? Windows Tiny2003 eXperience Edition is a minimalist operating system based on Windows Server 2003 Enterprise edition but looks and feels as it�s Windows XP which has been fully tweaked and transformed for home use and games play, with ability to run almost all software, applications and programs, including games that runs on Windows XP. Why Windows 2003 Server? According to the hacker of Tiny2003, Windows Server 2003 kernel outperforms Windows XP where it installs faster, boots faster, runs applications faster, manages programs better, never slows down even after days of using, and gives even better frame rates in games over Windows XP.
The main feature of Windows Tiny2003 or Windows Server 2003 eXperience edition is that Internet Explorer, Outlook Express and Windows Media Player 11 have been removed and replaced with Mozilla Firefox v2.0.0.1, Thunderbird v1.5.0.9 and as an option install for WMP11. Other open source and free components been installed include DirectX D3DX Updated DLL Libraries (24 to 31), Flash Player v9.0.28.0, FoxIt PDF Reader Pro v2.0.0930, Sygate Personal Firewall Pro v5.6.3408, Windows Movie Maker From Windows XP and WinRAR v3.62.
Beside, Windows Tiny2003 includes more than 200 registry tweaks to make the Windows Server 2003 to behave like Windows XP. Some of the tweaks and hacks are:
 * Monitor resolution set to 1024 x 768 (even in VMware)
 * Turned "Hardware Acceleration" up to full.
 * Removed "Manage Your Server" shortcut from Start Menu.
 * Removed "Windows Server Post Setup Security Updates" screen.
 * Does not show "Manage Your Server" wizard on Startup.
 * DirectDraw and Direct3D is enabled in DirectX Diagnostic Tool.
 * Programs are set to have priority over background program.
 * All "Ctrl+Alt+Del" prompts are disabled.
 * Server 2003 "Shutdown Event Tracker" is disabled.
 * Windows Audio service is enabled.
 * Notepad Tweak - Turned on "WordWrap" in Notepad.
 * Enabled Status Bar in Windows Explorer and Notepad.
 * Removed "Shortcut to" Prefix on Shortcuts.
 * Disabled Transition Effect when you right click.
 * Disabled Window Animation.
 * Shows complete filename with extension.
 * Displays DOS filenames in proper text-case.
 * Shows Hidden Files and Folders.
 * Uses Windows Classic Folders.
 * Disabled Balloon Tips.
 * Any open folders restore again when Windows restarts.
 * Disabled automatic restart in the event of a BSOD.
 * Disabled Error Reporting (still notify on critical errors).
 * Disabled Windows Time service.
 * Removed Language Bar.
 * Removed Shared Documents from My Computer.
 * Renaming of Recycle Bin is allowed.
 * Hung services are killed after 5 secs.
 * Got rid of Places Bar in Common Dialog Boxes.
 * Start Menu is speeded up to almost zero delay.
 * Added Notepad as a Right Click Item.
 * Can open NFO files with notepad from the outset.

The BEST Blue Screeen of Death

See it

BAD Vista

The BadVista Campaign
Surprises inside Microsoft Vista's EULA
No virtualization for you!
Right now, consumers and businesses can buy two versions of Windows XP for their desktops: Home and Professional. Let's review the choices they're going to face, including pricing, when Vista rears its head:

• Starter (OEM pricing only)
• Home Basic ($199, or $99 upgrade)
• Home Premium ($239, or $159 upgrade)
• Business ($299, or $199 upgrade)
• Enterprise (OEM pricing only)
• Ultimate ($399, or $259 upgrade)

Product differentiation among market segments is common and makes good sense. But this is ridiculous. Six different versions?

Dictionary access under Linux

Source

How to use this dictionary service in a number of ways:

• If you always work while connected to the Internet:
  • you can use the command-line interface program "dict", which doesn't require much in the way of local resources, and that by default relies on readily available Internet servers that support its protocol.
  • You can also use the KDE application "kdict," a modern, X windows GUI application that relies on "dict" behind the scenes.
  • You can use my PHP script that basically does what "kdict" does, but has some advantages if you tend to have a browser running while you work, or if you are not running the KDE desktop environment.
• If you want to make "dict" work for you on an intranet, or on a personal system not connected to the Internet:
  • You can download the dictionary database files from (example) ftp://ftp.dict.org/pub/dict/pre/, set them up on your local system or intranet server, enable a local "dictd" dictionary server, then access the service from your local network using the above-described clients.

So it seems this task is logically divided into two parts — server and client. As to the server, most recent Linux distributions have the "dictd" server available (Fedora 4 does). In this case it is a simple matter of downloading and installing the databases, editing a couple of configuration files, and starting the server. As to the client, you have the choice of using the CLI program "dict", or you can use "Kdict" if you prefer a GUI application. I also have written a PHP page that accesses "dict" and presents its results on a Web browser.

Here are the details

Anti-MalWare ressources

Anti-malware links

Comprehensive Resources

• Bleeping Computer has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/
• Castle Cops has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.castlecops.com/
• Malwarehelp Org has information, security news, links, and a blog at http://www.malwarehelp.org/

Where To Submit Infected/Suspected Files

• Clam Antivirus accepts files with new/unnamed malware at http://cgi.clamav.net/sendvirus.cgi
• Jotti online file scanning service at http://virusscan.jotti.org/ - All participating AVs will get a copy
• VirusTotal online file scanning service at http://www.virustotal.com/ - All participating AVs will get a copy

Dependable On Line Antivirus Scanners

• NOTE: These on line scanners do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) malware scan at http://www.emsisoft.com/en/software/ax/
• ESET (NOD32) malware scan at http://www.eset.com/onlinescan/index.php
• Microsoft's Live One Care has several types of scans at http://onecare.live.com/site/en-us/default.htm
• Panda ActiveScan at http://www.pandasecurity.com/usa/homeusers/solutions/activescan/default.htm
• SuperAntiSpyware's research center provides free scans of running computer processes at http://www.fileresearchcenter.com/
• Trend Micro's Housecall scan for malware is at http://housecall.trendmicro.com/

Experienced Online Malware Removal Assistance

• Alliance Of Security Analysis Professonals is a good starting place at http://asap.maddoktor2.com/
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) (with initial self help) at http://forum.emsisoft.com/Default.aspx?g=topics&f=38
• Castle Cops (with initial self help) at http://wiki.castlecops.com/Malware_Removal_and_Prevention:_Introduction
• Malwareteks (same personnel as Emsisoft with initial self help) at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum.html
• Spyware Warrior has free help and a list of rogue antispyware products to avoid at http://www.spywarewarrior.com/index.php

Downloadable Malware Removal Tools
NOTE: These tools do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.

• An alphabetical malware list and removal tools are at http://www.alken.nl/remtools.html
• Alwil Software has a free cleaner tool, Avast Free Virus Cleaner, at http://www.avast.com/eng/programs.html
• AVG has free removal tools (including VCleaner) at http://free.grisoft.com/doc/virus-removal/us/frt/0
• CureIt from Dr. Web is a capable free scanner that can be updated manually at http://www.freedrweb.com/
• F-Secure has some removal tools at http://www.f-secure.com/security_center/malware_removal_tools.html
• Malwareteks has spyware removal programs at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum-t408.html
• Microsoft's Malicous Removal Tool (updated monthly on Patch Tuesday) is at http://www.microsoft.com/security/malwareremove/default.mspx
• Norman's removal tools and information is at http://www.norman.com/Virus/en-us
• Norman also has a capable Malware Cleaner (use in Safe Mode) at http://www.norman.com/Virus/Virus_removal_tools/24789/en-us
• Smitfraud/Antivermins removal tools are at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/topic69886.html
• Softpedia has some tools at http://www.softpedia.com/get/Antivirus/Malware-Removal-Tool.shtml
• SuperAntiSpyware has a capable free on-demand antispyware program for home users at http://www.superantispyware.com/
• Symantec has individual malware removal tools at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/removaltools.jsp
• Trend Micro has the helpful HijackThis analyzer and some proactive tools at http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/tools/security_tools/hijackthis
• Various dedicated antimalware tools are at http://www.smokey-services.eu/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2026
• Various spyware/adware removal tools are at http://www.pchell.com/support/spyware.shtml

Manual Disinfection & Information

• AVG's free antimalware site has a good removal guide at http://forum.grisoft.cz/freeforum/read.php?4,27725,backpage=
• Bleeping Computer Dot Com has a good removal/disinfection guide at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial101.html
• Castle Cops has lots of self help information at http://wiki.castlecops.com/MRP
• Major Geeks has a list of rogue security programs at http://forums.majorgeeks.com/showthread.php?t=79754
• Spyware Techie has spyware removal information/links at http://www.spyware-techie.com/
• Large antivirus vendors offer free manual disinfection information, including:
• F-Secure has malware search/descriptions at http://www.f-secure.com/v-descs/
• Kaspersky has general information at http://www.viruslist.com/en/viruses/encyclopedia?chapter=153280800
• McAfee's threat library has helpful information/resources at http://vil.nai.com/vil/default.aspx
• Symantec's threat search has up-to-date removal instructions at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/threatexplorer/threats.jsp
• Trend Micro's virus search is at http://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/virusencyclo/

Anti-MalWare resources

Anti-malware links
Comprehensive Resources

• Bleeping Computer has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/
• Castle Cops has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.castlecops.com/
• Malwarehelp Org has information, security news, links, and a blog at http://www.malwarehelp.org/

Where To Submit Infected/Suspected Files

• Clam Antivirus accepts files with new/unnamed malware at http://cgi.clamav.net/sendvirus.cgi
• Jotti online file scanning service at http://virusscan.jotti.org/ - All participating AVs will get a copy
• VirusTotal online file scanning service at http://www.virustotal.com/ - All participating AVs will get a copy

Dependable On Line Antivirus Scanners

• NOTE: These on line scanners do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) malware scan at http://www.emsisoft.com/en/software/ax/
• ESET (NOD32) malware scan at http://www.eset.com/onlinescan/index.php
• Microsoft's Live One Care has several types of scans at http://onecare.live.com/site/en-us/default.htm
• Panda ActiveScan at http://www.pandasecurity.com/usa/homeusers/solutions/activescan/default.htm
• SuperAntiSpyware's research center provides free scans of running computer processes at http://www.fileresearchcenter.com/
• Trend Micro's Housecall scan for malware is at http://housecall.trendmicro.com/

Experienced Online Malware Removal Assistance

• Alliance Of Security Analysis Professonals is a good starting place at http://asap.maddoktor2.com/
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) (with initial self help) at http://forum.emsisoft.com/Default.aspx?g=topics&f=38
• Castle Cops (with initial self help) at http://wiki.castlecops.com/Malware_Removal_and_Prevention:_Introduction
• Malwareteks (same personnel as Emsisoft with initial self help) at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum.html
• Spyware Warrior has free help and a list of rogue antispyware products to avoid at http://www.spywarewarrior.com/index.php

Downloadable Malware Removal Tools
NOTE: These tools do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.

• An alphabetical malware list and removal tools are at http://www.alken.nl/remtools.html
• Alwil Software has a free cleaner tool, Avast Free Virus Cleaner, at http://www.avast.com/eng/programs.html
• AVG has free removal tools (including VCleaner) at http://free.grisoft.com/doc/virus-removal/us/frt/0
• CureIt from Dr. Web is a capable free scanner that can be updated manually at http://www.freedrweb.com/
• F-Secure has some removal tools at http://www.f-secure.com/security_center/malware_removal_tools.html
• Malwareteks has spyware removal programs at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum-t408.html
• Microsoft's Malicous Removal Tool (updated monthly on Patch Tuesday) is at http://www.microsoft.com/security/malwareremove/default.mspx
• Norman's removal tools and information is at http://www.norman.com/Virus/en-us
• Norman also has a capable Malware Cleaner (use in Safe Mode) at http://www.norman.com/Virus/Virus_removal_tools/24789/en-us
• Smitfraud/Antivermins removal tools are at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/topic69886.html
• Softpedia has some tools at http://www.softpedia.com/get/Antivirus/Malware-Removal-Tool.shtml
• SuperAntiSpyware has a capable free on-demand antispyware program for home users at http://www.superantispyware.com/
• Symantec has individual malware removal tools at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/removaltools.jsp
• Trend Micro has the helpful HijackThis analyzer and some proactive tools at http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/tools/security_tools/hijackthis
• Various dedicated antimalware tools are at http://www.smokey-services.eu/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2026
• Various spyware/adware removal tools are at http://www.pchell.com/support/spyware.shtml

Manual Disinfection & Information

• AVG's free antimalware site has a good removal guide at http://forum.grisoft.cz/freeforum/read.php?4,27725,backpage=
• Bleeping Computer Dot Com has a good removal/disinfection guide at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial101.html
• Castle Cops has lots of self help information at http://wiki.castlecops.com/MRP
• Major Geeks has a list of rogue security programs at http://forums.majorgeeks.com/showthread.php?t=79754
• Spyware Techie has spyware removal information/links at http://www.spyware-techie.com/
• Large antivirus vendors offer free manual disinfection information, including:
• F-Secure has malware search/descriptions at http://www.f-secure.com/v-descs/
• Kaspersky has general information at http://www.viruslist.com/en/viruses/encyclopedia?chapter=153280800
• McAfee's threat library has helpful information/resources at http://vil.nai.com/vil/default.aspx
• Symantec's threat search has up-to-date removal instructions at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/threatexplorer/threats.jsp
• Trend Micro's virus search is at http://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/virusencyclo/

Anti-MalWare resources

Anti-malware links
Comprehensive Resources

• Bleeping Computer has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/
• Castle Cops has downloads, forums, assistance, and information at http://www.castlecops.com/
• Malwarehelp Org has information, security news, links, and a blog at http://www.malwarehelp.org/

Where To Submit Infected/Suspected Files

• Clam Antivirus accepts files with new/unnamed malware at http://cgi.clamav.net/sendvirus.cgi
• Jotti online file scanning service at http://virusscan.jotti.org/ - All participating AVs will get a copy
• VirusTotal online file scanning service at http://www.virustotal.com/ - All participating AVs will get a copy

Dependable On Line Antivirus Scanners

• NOTE: These on line scanners do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) malware scan at http://www.emsisoft.com/en/software/ax/
• ESET (NOD32) malware scan at http://www.eset.com/onlinescan/index.php
• Microsoft's Live One Care has several types of scans at http://onecare.live.com/site/en-us/default.htm
• Panda ActiveScan at http://www.pandasecurity.com/usa/homeusers/solutions/activescan/default.htm
• SuperAntiSpyware's research center provides free scans of running computer processes at http://www.fileresearchcenter.com/
• Trend Micro's Housecall scan for malware is at http://housecall.trendmicro.com/

Experienced Online Malware Removal Assistance

• Alliance Of Security Analysis Professonals is a good starting place at http://asap.maddoktor2.com/
• A-Squared (Emsisoft) (with initial self help) at http://forum.emsisoft.com/Default.aspx?g=topics&f=38
• Castle Cops (with initial self help) at http://wiki.castlecops.com/Malware_Removal_and_Prevention:_Introduction
• Malwareteks (same personnel as Emsisoft with initial self help) at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum.html
• Spyware Warrior has free help and a list of rogue antispyware products to avoid at http://www.spywarewarrior.com/index.php

Downloadable Malware Removal Tools
NOTE: These tools do not replace resident updated antivirus/antispyware scanners.

• An alphabetical malware list and removal tools are at http://www.alken.nl/remtools.html
• Alwil Software has a free cleaner tool, Avast Free Virus Cleaner, at http://www.avast.com/eng/programs.html
• AVG has free removal tools (including VCleaner) at http://free.grisoft.com/doc/virus-removal/us/frt/0
• CureIt from Dr. Web is a capable free scanner that can be updated manually at http://www.freedrweb.com/
• F-Secure has some removal tools at http://www.f-secure.com/security_center/malware_removal_tools.html
• Malwareteks has spyware removal programs at http://www.malwareteks.com/forum-t408.html
• Microsoft's Malicous Removal Tool (updated monthly on Patch Tuesday) is at http://www.microsoft.com/security/malwareremove/default.mspx
• Norman's removal tools and information is at http://www.norman.com/Virus/en-us
• Norman also has a capable Malware Cleaner (use in Safe Mode) at http://www.norman.com/Virus/Virus_removal_tools/24789/en-us
• Smitfraud/Antivermins removal tools are at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/topic69886.html
• Softpedia has some tools at http://www.softpedia.com/get/Antivirus/Malware-Removal-Tool.shtml
• SuperAntiSpyware has a capable free on-demand antispyware program for home users at http://www.superantispyware.com/
• Symantec has individual malware removal tools at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/removaltools.jsp
• Trend Micro has the helpful HijackThis analyzer and some proactive tools at http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/tools/security_tools/hijackthis
• Various dedicated antimalware tools are at http://www.smokey-services.eu/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2026
• Various spyware/adware removal tools are at http://www.pchell.com/support/spyware.shtml

Manual Disinfection & Information

• AVG's free antimalware site has a good removal guide at http://forum.grisoft.cz/freeforum/read.php?4,27725,backpage=
• Bleeping Computer Dot Com has a good removal/disinfection guide at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial101.html
• Castle Cops has lots of self help information at http://wiki.castlecops.com/MRP
• Major Geeks has a list of rogue security programs at http://forums.majorgeeks.com/showthread.php?t=79754
• Spyware Techie has spyware removal information/links at http://www.spyware-techie.com/
• Large antivirus vendors offer free manual disinfection information, including:
• F-Secure has malware search/descriptions at http://www.f-secure.com/v-descs/
• Kaspersky has general information at http://www.viruslist.com/en/viruses/encyclopedia?chapter=153280800
• McAfee's threat library has helpful information/resources at http://vil.nai.com/vil/default.aspx
• Symantec's threat search has up-to-date removal instructions at http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/threatexplorer/threats.jsp
• Trend Micro's virus search is at http://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/virusencyclo/

Samba server configuration

Source
What is Samba?

Samba is a suite of Unix applications that speak the SMB (Server Message Block) protocol. Many operating systems, including Windows and OS/2, use SMB to perform client-server networking. By supporting this protocol, Samba allows Unix servers to get in on the action, communicating with the same networking protocol as Microsoft Windows products.
Samba Debian Package
This package contains all the components necessary to turn your Debian GNU/Linux box into a powerful file and printer server.
Currently, the Samba Debian packages consist of the following:
samba - LanManager-like file and printer server for Unix.
samba-common - Samba common files used by both the server and the client.
smbclient - LanManager-like simple client for Unix.
swat - Samba Web Administration Tool
samba-doc - Samba documentation.
smbfs - Mount and umount commands for the smbfs (kernels 2.2.x and above).
libpam-smbpass - pluggable authentication module for SMB password database
libsmbclient - Shared library that allows applications to talk to SMB servers
libsmbclient-dev - libsmbclient shared libraries
winbind: Service to resolve user and group information from Windows NT servers
python2.3-samba: Python bindings that allow access to various aspects of Samba
It is possible to install a subset of these packages depending on your particular needs. For example, to access other SMB servers you should only need the smbclient and samba-common packages.
Install Samba in Debian
#apt-get install samba samba-client
Now it will ask you some basic question about the samba configuration like workgroup or domain name you want,other questions enter the correct information which one suits for your need.
Preparing directories and users
Create directories for Samba to use with Windows
#mkdir samba
Now we need to create users to access this directiory
#useradd ruchi
Now create a password for this user
#smbpasswd -a ruchi
configure samba configuration file
Samba configuration file located at /etc/samba/smb.conf
In this file main section is Global where you can define all parameters and the example as follows
[global]
workgroup = debian
netbios name = debianserver
server string = %h server (Samba %v)
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = 1000
syslog = 0
Now you need to configure the share directory(ex:-samba) for users below is the example.
[SAMBA]
path=/samba
browseable=yes
writeable=yes
valid users = ruchi
admin users = debain
If you want to check your configuration file is correct you need to run the following command
#testparm
Now you need to restart the samba to take the new changes effect
#/etc/init.d/samba restart
If you want more configuration option check man page of smb.conf

Testing your samba configuration
You want to test your samba configuration for users ruchi run the following command
#smbclient -L //debianserver -U ruchi

Configuring the Windows workstation
authenticate each workstation
logon to the Windows workstation as any user with administrative priviliges
[Windows 2000] Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> System -> Network Identification -> Properties -> Member of -> Domain -> type the domain name as specified in the 'workgroup' section of smb.conf -> ok

enter the root username and password for the Samba file server
if you simply wish to transfer existing users from a workstation, then if a user exists on the Samba file server and on the workstation, at this point you could log them into the Samba file server and their profile from the workstation would be copied to the Samba file server when they log out

References
http://www.samba.org
Download samba form here
Samba documentation click here

Debian Linux

debian help
debian LXDE
debian tutorials

Freeware Tools For Linux

Link at debianhelp.co.uk

Using Samba on Debian Linux

Source posted by ltackmann on Thu 26 Jan 2006

This article will show you how to install Samba 3.X on Debian Linux 3.1 (Sarge) and make it authenticate against a Windows server running Active Directory. It is not intended on replacing the actual official Samba 3 manual - which is a quite good read anyway.

---

Debian Samba Server setup
If you want to configure your server as samba server:

http://www.debianhelp.co.uk/samba.htm

Samba Server Web interface or GUI Tools

http://www.debianhelp.co.uk/sambaweb.htm

Microsoft's 2019 Future Vision

"How will emerging technology improve our productivity in the years ahead? What opportunities will arise from evolving trends and global change? Microsoft has collaborated with customers, partners, and thought leaders across multiple disciplines to develop scenarios that explore how long-term trends, customer challenges, and emerging technologies might converge to improve our lives, both at work and home.

As you watch this video montage from 2009, look for examples of how current prototypes may evolve in the years ahead. When youre done, tell us what you think and what youd like to see in the technology of tomorrow.

While its hard to predict exactly how technology will unfold, we are constantly researching, looking forward, and gathering insights to imagine how technology investments today can improve peoples way of life in the future."

Again, we could see integrated multi/touch surfaces, seamless authorizing and data transfer, and UMPC concepts. The Future is happening; The Future is Now.

Envisioned By: Microsoft & Office Labs

How to Revive an old PC with Linux

Revive an old PC with Linux - wikiHow Posted by Darrell
Revive an old PC with Linux - wikiHow

How to Revive an old PC with Linux
from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Have you got an old computer gathering dust in the attic? Did you know you can revive it with a modern Linux operating system? It can become a useful router/firewall, server or even desktop computer again. All without buying expensive Windows licences that are no longer even supported. Old limitations on file names, disk size, USB support in early Windows versions can even be overcome.

Steps

1. Consider what you want, a desktop computer, a server, or a router/firewall
   
2. Clean it with compressed air
   
3. Test your PC will turn on safely
   
4. Determine what your PC will boot from (in the BIOS or manual), old ones might not boot from USB, really old ones might not even boot from CD
   
5. If it won't boot from CD, download floppy boot images of Damn Small Linux and Puppy Linux (WakePup for Puppy Linux 1 and 2 series) and once extracted onto a floppy disk, insert them into your old PC
   
6. Download Damn Small Linux and Puppy Linux CDs (on a new PC if you have one) and burn them as images (with Infrarecorder or Nero)
   
7. Turn your old PC on if you haven't already and insert the CDs as soon as you can, if successful, you'll be greeted by a DSL or Puppy Linux boot screen for a few seconds (press a key quickly to interrupt the countdown if you like)
   
8. Unless you have valuable data on the old PC, consider creating a swap partition (with gParted or Ultimate Boot CD) if you have too little ram (less than 64Mb) to run the distros "live"
   
9. Read and consider carefully using cheat codes at boot (also called boot parameters) to run more from CD and use less RAM
   
10. Choose Xvesa rather than X.org framebuffer if you have display problems
    
11. Turn off ACPI or APM if you have problems
    
12. If you like Puppy Linux but 3 series is too slow, consider 2 series (Phoenix or 214R), or even 1 series (MeanPup or 109CE)
    
13. If you like Damn Small Linux, also consider Damn Small Linux-Not (with Abiword and Gnumeric) or Feather Linux (also derived from Knoppix).
    
14. If you have a serial mouse, test whether it is detected and works. If it doesn't, then additional configuration can be made with boot parameters/cheat codes
    
15. For dial-up modems, consider a hardware dial-up modem for maximum compatibility
    
16. Some gains in performance may be made, once installed to hard disk rather than running live
    
17. Also consider a "frugal installation" for performance gains
    

Tips

• If you're adding applications, choose lightweight ones like SIAG Office rather than OpenOffice.org
  
• Choose lightweight window managers like JWM, IceWM or Fluxbox rather than GNOME or KDE
  
• Choose lightweight browsers like Opera or Dillo rather than Konqueror or Flock.
  
• If you want something different and unusual with eye-candy, consider Enlightenment window manager which comes with eLive
  

Warnings

• If power supply wires have broken do not use the PC
  
• Puppy Linux runs as root
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Revive an old PC with Linux. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

Computers that think

Source

Multiple buttons mouse with Linux

Remapping the "buttons"
see mouse(4) manpage

mrrangerman43  12-17-2006

Strangely, XFree86 requires the mousewheel buttons to be the last who on the mouse. Some mice, like the 4 button Logitech Cordless Desktop Pro mouse, uses buttons 4 and 5 for the mousewheel. This means that if you use "ZAxisMapping" "4 5", what is the correct setup, the last button will be unusable. Instead, use a normal configuration. An example:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Mouse0"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Device" "/dev/mouse"
Option "Protocol" "MouseManPlusPS/2"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "5 6"
Option "Buttons" "6"
EndSection

(This example configuration is for a 4 (6) button Logitech Cordless Desktop Pro Mouse)
This makes all the buttons usable, but the mousewheel is mapped all wrong. Scrolling down gives up, and the last (side) button functions as the down part of the mousewheel.
To solve this, use xmodmap -e "pointer = values" to remap the buttons in of your desktop init scripts (usually placed in /etc/X11/xdm/Xsession)
You can also use /opt/kde/startkde or
/usr/bin/startkde if you are using KDE,
/usr/bin/gnome-session if you use Gnome.
To find out where your startkde, Xsession or whatever is, type 'locate startkde'.
A valid xmodmap command:

xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 6 3 2 4 5"
This remaps the mousewheel correct, and also remaps button three to button six. If this does not work with your mouse, then read the xmodmap manual page and experiment. You might even find the right values by reading your mouses manual, if it came with such a thing.
This part of the link I provided didn't help? Take a look at the man page for xmodmap, from a command line type man xmodmap and read the man page.
Dan

15 $/cup or 15$/h... almost the same

Source

EASEUS Disk Copy

Source
If you copy a small disk into a bigger one, EASEUS Disk Copy can't manage the rest space, you may use EASEUS Partition Master to reallocate the free space. In addition Disk Copy - sector by sector copy, it's advanced Partition Copy - file by file copy is faster because it is only based on the files. EASEUS Partition Master also supports Resize/Move, Create, Deleted and Format, Hide and Unhide partitions etc in Windows Operating System.   Read more...

EASEUS Disk Copy is a freeware, which can create an exact (Mirror Image, Disk to Disk) copy of your old disk, including the operating system, applications, personal preferences, custom settings, and all of your vital data.

EASEUS Disk Copy can be used for copying, cloning, or upgrading your original small hard drive to a new larger drive. Essential Utility for Disaster Recovery.
File System Supported All file systems.
Operating System All Operating Systems
Minimum 128Mb RAM (recommended 256Mb)
Minimum 40Mb free disk space required

EASEUS Disk Copy  
- Download from Download.com
- Download from Majorgeeks.com
- TUCOWS.COM

Hable con sus hijos de Linux antes que otro lo haga

Games: CPU scaling with dual & quad core processors

Read that before
The Verdict

So then, the hardcore truth today is a very simple fact: you'll gain a better bang for buck in your games from a faster clocked dual-core processor opposed to having a somewhat slower clocked quad-core processor. That doesn't mean though that quad-core processors offers less value. Contrary, and I know I've been evangelizing it for over a year now, but the future is multi-core gaming, the fact is just that dual-core is the sweet spot value wise anno 2008 as 95% of the games still only use one and maybe two CPU cores.
Why did you not use a GeForce 9800 GX2 you ask? Well, actually we did. Yet on the Phenom platform we noticed that in several occasions the second GPU on that card did not work, feeding back improper results. This is why I like Single-GPU solutions so much. The next fastest card in line was the GeForce 8800 Ultra.
When we look purely at the quad-core processors used in this review, it's quite interesting to see what the effect of the platform difference between AMD Phenom and Intel Core 2 processors. We compared the two quite a lot in the past already, yet with more affordable graphics cards in the mid-range segment. Surely, in the high-end segment a faster graphics card obviously needs to be paired with a faster processor to form a nice symbiosis between the two, more frames per second equals more date for the CPU to present to the GPU drivers. It's a simple matter of 1+1=2
2,4,8,16 cores ... right now it seems that after 2 cores it does not seem to matter that much how many cores you have in your PC when it comes to gaming. Our recent Intel Skultrail review (8 logical CPU cores) proved that already. The biggest bang for your buck is a faster Core 2 Duo dual-core processors preferably with a higher clock frequency. Next in line are the cheaper quad-core processors. But after four cores guys, I tell you, with the pending Intel Nehalem release going 6, 8 and maybe even more cores, we are bound to run into an issue. More transistors means more costly products. What really needs to go up is that processors frequency.
Though AMD offers price wise a slightly more affordable Quad-core solution, we can not deny and ignore the fact Core 2 Quad is the faster processor. Especially the new Core 2 Quad 45nm Penryn based processors offer a little extra punch. The QX9770 kicks ass in every foreseeable segment, but unfortunately it's downright expensive. No, the winner in this article has to be the 45nm Penryn based Core 2 Quad Q9450. At 300 USD this processor offers leading performance at a leading price. Here in the Netherlands this processors costs slightly over 250 EUR, and is as far as I am concerned a very interesting purchase.
But anno 2008, comparing apples to oranges, unless you are really into 3DMark ... the Core 2 Duo dual-core processors, looking at it from the gaming perspective offer the best value for your money. And when we focus on pure raw performance, the new 45nm Penryn Quad cores processors just haul ass big-time with truly grand performance; and that's the cold core truth.
We like to thank both AMD & Intel for supplying us with the processors needed for this article.

Light X11 Desktop Environment

LXDE

"Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment", is an extremely faster, performing and energy saving desktop environment. It is maintained by an international community of developers and comes with a beautiful interface, multi-language support, standard keyboard short cuts and additional features like tabbed file browsing. LXDE uses less CPU and less RAM. It is especially designed for cloud computers with low hardware specifications like netbooks, mobile devices (e.g. MIDs) or older computers. LXDE can be installed with distributions like Ubuntu or Debian. It provides a fast desktop experience connecting easily with applications in the cloud. LXDE supports a wealth of programs, that can be installed with Linux systems locally.
Wiki de LXDE
LXDE es un entorno de escritorio libre para Unix y otras plataformas POSIX, como Linux o BSD. El nombre corresponde a "Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment", que es español significa Entorno de escritorio X11 liviano. LXDE es un proyecto que apunta a entregar un nuevo entorno de escritorio ligero y rápido. No está diseñado para ser tan complejo como KDE o GNOME, pero es bastante usable y ligero, y mantiene una baja utilización de recursos. A diferencia de otros ambientes de escritorio, los componentes no se integran firmemente. Al contrario, los componentes son independientes, y cada uno de ellos se puede utilizar independientemente con muy pocas dependencias. LXDE usa Openbox como el gestor de ventanas predeterminado y apunta a ofrecer un escritorio ligero y rápido basado en componentes independientes que puedan ser utilizados en otros entornos. Un buen punto de partida es la Información General la página, donde usted encontrará información sobre los requisitos del sistema y compatibilidad. También encontrará una lista de las distribuciones incluyendo LXDE con instrucciones de instalación, la información sobre componentes de LXDE y nuestro planes para el futuro en el wiki. Más información acerca de LXDE en su sitio web, sus blogs y su foro.
Componentes de LXDE

• PCManFM, rápido y robusto gestor de ficheros. Ofrece funciones tan interesantes como la navegación con pestañas y todo con un mínimo uso de recursos.
• LXLauncher, modo fácil de lanzar aplicaciones.
• LXPanel, panel de escritorio fácil de usar y con todas las funciones que pueden esperarse de un panel. La configuración se realiza a través de un GUI.
• LXSession Edit, permite cambiar el gestor de ventanas usado en LXDE, y las aplicaciones ejecutadas al inicio.
• LXSession, gestor de sesiones con las opciones Cerrar, Reiniciar y Suspender. La versión Lite ofrece menos tamaño y más estabilidad.
• LXAppearance, gestor de temas GTK+ que permite cambiar tanto el aspecto como los iconos y las tipografías.
• Leafpad, editor de texto.
• Xarchiver, basado en archiver, este gestor de archivos tampoco depende de un entorno concreto.
• GPicView, rápido, ligero y sencillo visor de imágenes.
• LXTerminal, terminal que reduce al mínimo el uso de memoria.
• LXTask, administrador de tareas / monitor de sistema.
• LXNM, asistente para la conexión a redes WiFi. Aún se encuentra en desarrollo.
• Openbox, es el gestor de ventanas utilizado por ser ligero y altamente configurable pero puede ser sustituido por cualquier otro.
• LXRandr, gestor de pantalla, gestiona la resolución de la pantalla y monitores externos.
• LXShortCut, permite editar fácilmente lanzadores de aplicaciones.
• LXMusic, reproductor de música minimalista basado en xmms2.