grub1 and grub2 in ubuntu

Fuente
menu.lst específico con workarounds (noapic nolapic)
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
sudo update-grub
To prevent Wrong Kernel Problems after an Ubuntu Update/Upgrade (to new/next version); try this:
- During the Install Portion of your Update procedure (at the end), you'll be asked if you want to keep or replace your /boot/grub/menu.lst file
- If you are like me, and Click "Forward" at the Prompt to keep the existing Menu.lst; be CAREFUL - because your new Ubuntu build is still associated with a Previous Linux Kernel (the New Version of Ubuntu might require a New Kernel to Boot Properly).
Note: I edit this file manually to prevent problems with Dual Boot GRUB Systems (with Windows) and massive Clutter on the Boot Menu Screen.
- At the end of a successful Update/Upgrade (download); the system will Prompt you to Re-Boot so the changes can take effect.
- DON'T !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Don't Re-Boot Yet !
- Now is the time to manually edit your Menu.lst file with the new Linux Kernel.
- Check: (Places - Computer - File System - boot) for the latest Linux Kernel designations (write down the most current - highest number).
- Open a Terminal Window (Applications - Accessories - Terminal) and use the command:
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
- Manually change (edit) the text to change or add the latest kernel options. SAVE !!!!!!!!!!!
EXAMPLE:
title Ubuntu 10.04
uuid 1f74fa33-b019-4fe7-ab93-44a43.......................
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic root=UUID=1f74fa33-b019-4fe7-ab93-44a43499c08a ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22-generic
quiet
- NOW you can Re-Boot with Confidence! Your New Ubuntu Version will be associated with the latest (and correct) Kernel !!

[grub0.9x menu.lst]
default 0
timeout 5
color white/black light-blue/black

title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-20-generic
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro quiet splash vga=795
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-20-generic (recovery mode)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic

title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-19-generic
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-19-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro quiet splash vga=795
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-19-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-19-generic (recovery mode)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-19-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-19-generic

title Ubuntu 9.10, memtest86+
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet

title Other operating systems:
root

title Windows Vista/Longhorn (loader)
root (hd1,0)
chainloader +1
savedefault
makeactive
### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified
## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below

## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs

## ## Start Default Options ##
## default kernel options
## default kernel options for automagic boot options
## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z
## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted.
## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro
## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro
# kopt=root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro

## default grub root device
## e.g. groot=(hd0,0)
# groot=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d

## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. alternative=true
## alternative=false
# alternative=true

## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options
## e.g. lockalternative=true
## lockalternative=false
# lockalternative=false

## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the
## alternatives
## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5
# defoptions=quiet splash

## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options
## e.g. lockold=false
## lockold=true
# lockold=false

## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenhopt=

## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option
# xenkopt=console=tty0

## altoption boot targets option
## multiple altoptions lines are allowed
## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options
## altoptions=(recovery) single
# altoptions=(recovery mode) single

## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst
## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the
## alternative kernel options
## e.g. howmany=all
## howmany=7
# howmany=all

## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically
## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa
## e.g. indomU=detect
## indomU=true
## indomU=false
# indomU=detect

## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option
## e.g. memtest86=true
## memtest86=false
# memtest86=true

## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system
## can be true or false
# updatedefaultentry=false

## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options
## can be true or false
# savedefault=false

## ## End Default Options ##

title Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic
uuid 23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-21-generic (recovery mode)
uuid 23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-21-generic

title Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.31-20-generic
uuid 23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro quiet splash
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic
quiet

title Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.31-20-generic (recovery mode)
uuid 23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-20-generic root=UUID=23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-20-generic

title Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, memtest86+
uuid 23fd88e0-180f-4557-8668-190a51f33d6d
kernel /boot/memtest86+.bin
quiet
### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST

grub2
grub Info
Opciones básicas en /etc/default/grub
Usar StarupManager
o editar grub.cfg
sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Fuente